This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated evidence from 36 randomized controlled trials examining the effects of non-soy legume consumption on body weight and body composition in adults. The analysis showed that intake of non-soy legumes significantly reduced body weight, waist circumference, and fat mass compared with control diets, while changes in body mass index were not statistically significant. Greater benefits were observed in interventions lasting eight weeks or longer, in participants younger than 50 years, and in those with lower baseline body mass index. The findings suggest that non-soy legumes may improve body composition through mechanisms such as increased satiety, reduced energy intake, improved insulin response, and enhanced fat oxidation. Overall, the results support the inclusion of non-soy legumes as part of dietary strategies for obesity prevention and metabolic health, although further high-quality trials are needed to confirm long-term effects.